Cyber Attacks And Its Effects On The United States

Most ISIS practice customs from the 7th century, but the methods they use to fight a war are 21st century techniques. ISIS have an advanced computer network that uses social media to attract terrorists worldwide to help them attack countries like the United States. Many countries have been victims of cyber attacks but may not realize it until long after the security breach occurred. In June of 2015, the Office of Personnel Management found out that it was being hacked. The hack had been going on for several months before authorities realized it. It was one of the largest security breaches in United States history. With the news of security hacks finally reaching the public, many people question the government and wonder if it can adequately protect itself from future attacks. The attacks from ISIS are making people feel uncomfortable and unsecure. Many people are beginning to realize how serious the ISIS and their online schemes are. â€Å"The United States of America is under atta ck,† warned Rep. Elijah Cummings during a House Oversight and Government Affairs Committee hearing in June of 2015. (Law Street) Katherine Archueta is the director of OPM. She faced a lot criticism at the hearing for not updating the databases, because she was already aware of the security issues. An audit was carried out on OPM on November of 2014, not long before the breach. It revealed that several databases still did not meet federal security standards. It was known that many of the databasesShow MoreRelatedCyber Terrorism1716 Words   |  7 PagesChinese hackers targeted United States government sites, after an accidental bombing of a Chinese embassy in Belgrade. During this attack, government sites were hijacked and some sites suffered a denial of service attack. Most recently, it was suspected that Bank of America was the victim of a cyber terrorism attack; although no definitive evidence is available to substantiate that claim.   Cyber terror attacks pose a threat a gainst the national security of the United States. In order to fully comprehendRead MoreCyber Warfare Is The New Warfare Domain1528 Words   |  7 Pages the United States should preemptively attack the opposing country using their cyber warfare capabilities. II. Explanation of thesis and short summary. Cyber warfare is the new warfare domain. Understanding how to morally utilize the newfound capabilities will assist the United States to maintain military dominance as well as mitigate possible immoral tragedies. Cyber warfare and war envelops a vast array of topics available for discussion. Therefore, the topics of interest within cyber warfareRead MoreCyber Deterrence And Its Impact On Western Europe1518 Words   |  7 PagesWhat is Cyber Deterrence? Merriam-Webster defines deterrence as the act of making someone decide not to do something or the act of preventing a particular act or behavior from happening (Merriam-Webster, 2015) . This can be applied to the cyber realm in the sense that we need to deter terrorists, state actors and non-state actors from attempting attacks on U.S. networks. To understand how to apply cyber deterrence we have to look at past policies or theories on deterrence. Deterrence theory firstRead MoreCyber Terrorism And Threats Of Information System1688 Words   |  7 PagesCyber-Terrorism and Threats to Information System National security has been top priority of the United States after World War II. This is due to the fact that the United States before this time was relatively an isolationist country with no influence in the world. As a result national security was not important, this changed post World War II. The United States found themselves among the top, overnight they went from being new and not listened to, to becoming one of the major players in the worldRead MoreInformation Is A Source Of Power In International Relations.967 Words   |  4 Pagessource of power in international relations. Technology is the capability by which states store information. More so now than ever, countries heavily rely on information technology and data storage in order to facilitate the basic functioning of a state. However, when any state places enough importance on a resource of power, that resource becomes a target. An attack on informational structures of a state are cyber-attacks or â€Å"the use of com putational technologies in cyberspace for malevolent and destructiveRead MoreCyber Security, A Government And Private Industry Affair1686 Words   |  7 PagesCyber-security, a government and private industry affair Introduction The role of computers in business operations is growing with each wake. Computers have helped entities boost efficiency, speed up service and product delivery and take consumer interaction to another level. However, this new wave has not come without its challenges. Cybercrimes pose a threat to information security and privacy, which is a concern for private and public institutions alike. The United States has developed laws thatRead MoreCyber Warfare And Global Affairs1543 Words   |  7 Pagescan steal information. Even countries are using the cyber domain as a separate battlefield to fulfill their missions and acquire information. Cyberwar is relatively a new term to describe: an Internet-based conflict involving politically motivated attacks on information and information systems. But the definition is constantly evolving with time and the more knowledge the public acquires about these conflicts. Although the idea of explaining cyber warfare is far too vast and bound to only rea dily availableRead MoreCyber Security : New Law1719 Words   |  7 PagesCyber Security: New laws in United States and Their Impact Throughout the United States today there are many attempted hacks going on right now, most unsuccessful, but some are successful. Major businesses as well as minor businesses have had to invest in a good security systems and making backups of data to protect themselves, as well as their clients, from attempted hacking and the risk of sensitive information being leaked out ( such as social security or credit card numbers). As a result, thereRead MoreThe Patriot Act Title Vii Section 814 And 8161429 Words   |  6 Pagesupon citizens of the United States, the aim of this paper is describe in depth The Patriot Act Title VII Section 814 and 816. These sections of the Patriot Act protects the citizens of The United States from the world’s newest form of terror; Cyber-Terrorism. The aim is to explain this law, its adequacies, and inadequacies in detail and to offer suggestions and solutions for its shortcomings. Commission of Cyber Terrorism In 2013, a man, investigators named the â€Å"Sexual Cyber Terrorist† extorted overRead MoreAirport Security : Technology Versus Common Sense1476 Words   |  6 PagesVirginia from a series of ruthless coordinated terrorist attacks which were carried out in the air. These attacks forever changed airport security measures throughout the United States and the World. The attacks resulted in the immediate creation of the Transportation Security Administration, which was stood up to increase airport security measure to prevent repeating such horrible acts on United States soil. Sixteen years later, the United States is a safer country and airport security has improved

Stem Cell Research Controversy Essay - 681 Words

The controversy over stem cell research’s use in the medical field is almost two decades old. So why the sudden intense return of fierce political debates over an old issue? It’s because President Obama recently revoked the ban on stem cell research, as he believes it holds the potential to revolutionize the medical industry in the years to come. As USA Today quoted him saying in March, after he stopped restricting federal funding for stem cell research, At this moment, the full promise of stem cell research remains unknown and should not be overstated. Scientists believe these tiny cells may have the potential to help us understand, and possibly cure, some of our most devastating diseases and conditions. The bodys master cells are†¦show more content†¦... the embryo would have been thrown away at an abortion clinic anyway. Now, given the choice of completely wasting the life or using it in order to further research, I’d pick research.† (http://www .juniorpolitics.com/) The fertility clinics, however, appear to be stem cell research advocates’ favorite reference on how their work is ethical and humane in comparison. According to Michael Kinsley, Time Magazine reporter, â€Å"Embryonic stem-cell studies are controversial because they involve the destruction of human embryos. However, fertility clinics destroy far more human embryos than stem-cell research ever would, yet they are not controversial.† (http://www.time.com) Pro-stem cell research scientists have found that citing fertility clinics as a similar field severely lessens the educated opposition against their work. This is because most pro-life advocates and mainstream Christians are advocates for the use of fertility clinics to help struggling couples get pregnant. They view fertility clinics as a place to help create life, not take it. In this, I speak from personal experience, as many of my Christian friends and relatives have been in and out of fertili ty clinics throughout the years, attempting to procreate a being to love, raise, and care for. In short, the debate boils down to the ancient debate of whether or not a fetus or human embryo is a life or not. Pro-life advocates say that human fetuses are absolutely,Show MoreRelatedStem Cell Research Controversy : Stem Cells1886 Words   |  8 Pages Stem cell research controversy. What is the first thing that comes to your mind? A person like me will either agree with it or disagree with this topic. I personally agree with stem cell research. First I want to start by pointing out that there are three main stem cells used in research the adult stem cell, induced-pluripotent stem cells, and lastly the embryonic stem cells. It has been shown that using blood stem cells to treat diseases of the blood have been beneficial, and has also saved manyRead MoreThe Controversy Of Stem Cell Research1894 Words   |  8 PagesThe Controversy of Stem Cell Research The ethics of research involving fetuses or material derived from fetuses have been widely debated for over three decades, portrayed by its proponents as holding the key to scientific and medical breakthrough and by its opponents as devaluing the most basic form of human life. The latest chapter in this long saga involves the use of embryonic stem cells. Research in this field took a great leap forward in 1998, when the first successes in growing human stemRead MoreThe Controversy Over Stem Cell Research1169 Words   |  5 Pagesyears, stem cell research has become a prominent way of treating: heart disease, cancer, HIV/AIDS, spinal problems, and much more ; moreover, in recent years as Stem cell research became more popular, it has sparked controversy over the religion aspect of stem cell research. Stem cell research begins with culturing an embryonic cell and then injecting the stem cell into the area of concern(Robertson). Pluripotent stem cells are gathered and used to treat the areas, pluripotent stem cells are thoseRead More The Controversy of Stem Cell Research Essays1410 Words   |  6 PagesThe Controversy of Stem Cell Research One of the most controversial topics these days is Stem Cell Research. There seems to be a split opinion among societies about the research and whether it is socially and morally acceptable. As a society, we need to open our minds to the possibility of broadening our scientific horizons with stem cell research, and take the time to learn and understand whatever we can about it. There are a lot of people who dont know exactly what Stem Cell ResearchRead MoreBenefits and Controversy of Stem Cell Research547 Words   |  2 Pagesproblems associated with stem cell use and stem cell research. Problems Benefits There is a lot of controversy about laws and beliefs in respect to stem cells, specifically embryonic stem cells, regarding contraception, abortion, and in vitro fertilization. Many cultures and religions believe that the use of embryonic stem cells is unethical because they believe life starts from the moment of contraception therefore the destruction of a human blastocyst to obtain embryonic stem cells is murder and itRead MoreEssay on The Controversy Surrounding Stem-cell Research634 Words   |  3 PagesStem-cell research is a complex subject. First of all you need to know there are three main categories of stem cells. Embryonic, Fetal and Adult; not everyone is for or against all of these types. There are different sets on pros and cons to each of these types and I will address a few for each type. I believe the pros outweigh the cons in each of these and stem cell research is very beneficial for medical purposes. The term ‘stem cell research was first used by gist Alexander Maksimov, a RussianRead MoreThe Controversy Over The Ethics Of Stem Cell Research Essay2367 Words   |  10 PagesThe Controversy of Embryonic Stem Cell Research THE 210/04December 2, 2012 There is a debate over the ethics of stem cell research and many people on opposing sides of the issue are not aware of all aspects. In order to intelligently debate the legal and ethical issues regarding stem cell research, one must understand what stem cells are, the applications currently available, and the impact of the research. It is also important to understand the distinction between adult and embryonic stem cells beforeRead MoreControversy Surrounding Research And Therapeutic Use Of Stem Cell Technology831 Words   |  4 Pages Controversy surrounding research and therapeutic use of stem cells has been a contentious and socially polarizing matter for a few decades. Arguments lie largely between the scientific community and the general public, although intragroup disagreements also persist today. These disparate views for and against stem cells arise out of the bioethical implications of an inchoate innovation, the general public’s tenuous understanding of the underly ing technology itself, and sociopolitical ideologiesRead MoreEssay Government Funding of Stem Cell Research775 Words   |  4 Pagesvoters was the battle over embryonic stem cell research. In the weeks leading up to the election, polls were indicating that 47 percent of Bush supporters agreed that the destruction of embryo cells is unethical; however, 53 percent of Bush voters supported stem cell research. The overwhelming majority of Kerry backers also supported stem cell research, indicating that the majority of American voters support stem cell research. Embryonic stem cell research, while still in its infancy, has theRead MoreThe Ethics Of Stem Cell Research1557 Words   |  7 Pagesthese outstanding medical advances a self-renewing stem cell that regenerates and gives rise to all cells and tissues of the body was discovered. The controversy of such finding of abilities of stem cell is that they can only be extracted from the human embryo. In order to extort stem cells from the embryo it needs to be aborted. The extraction needs to be done just days after conception or between the fifth and the ninth week. Though stem cell research has astonishing potential to save many lives due

Ocean and Coastal Management

Question: Discuss about the Ocean and Coastal Management. Answer: Introduction: The purpose of this report is to develop a marketing plan for one of the universities of Australia. The report will focus upon the University of Sydney as the university has its major emphasis upon offering leadership and educational knowledge to the students for developing their career. In the year185, the university was grounded by the efforts of New South Waless parliament. The University of Sydney works upon set standards and values which comprises of encouraging the knowledge management and individual development practices among the students of the university. The University offers appropriate courses of study to the students so that they can effectively met the communal need in upcoming future by their education. The primary objective of the University of Sydney is to become the leader in the educational sector. The purpose of existence of the university is to develop the university in such a way that it benefits the country in the most possible manner and to develop the students by making them use of their potential in the utmost way (The University of Sydney, 2016). Market Summary and Demand Assessment The education industry of Australia is recognized as the most favored educational destination of the students. Since last two decades, there has been experienced a vast growth and increase in the number of students enrolling in the Australian Universities. There were around 1.4 million numbers of students which get enrolled in the year 2014 (Norton, 2016). There is also rapid increase in the number of postgraduates and undergraduates getting enrolled in the various universities. In the demand assessment, it has also been analyzed that there is a combination of the courses which are both general and professional. The maximum numbers of students are in the field of arts. The second highest enrollments are in the field of society and culture. There are also various other subjects in which there are significant number of enrollments such as engineering and technology, health, information systems, management and commerce and natural and physical sciences. From the market and demand assessment, it has been identified that there are vast number of international as well as domestic students in the universities of Australia. The country experience upsurge demand for professional courses as well as higher educational degrees. Australia is recognized as one of the top most and leading service export of the international education (Siemens, Dawson and Lynch, 2013). Segmentation and Target market There is more than one market segment on which the university has to focus upon. The university is required to have different strategies and programs for each market segment. As per the behavioral segmentation, there are two different factors on the basis of which individuals are segmented i.e. the motivation behind consumption and the benefits attained. Therefore, the target individuals of the university are the value based individuals and the quality based individuals. Under the value based individuals, there are students who require value for the proportion of money they have paid. They compare the money spend with the value received. In the quality based individuals, there are students who demand for supreme service with no or very less relevance with the cost or process paid (Pealoza, Toulouse Visconti, 2013). Current Marketing mix analysis Following is the marketing mix analysis of the University of Sydney which sum up in four different factor i.e. product, price, place and promotion: The product for the university is the education which is service in nature. It comprises of the lectures offered by the professors, the responses given by the students and the various programs and courses such as law, health, engineering, IT, social science, management etc. are the part of the product i.e. education only. The price is the diverse set of tuition fees of various courses offered by the university. The tuition fees also depend upon several factors such as residential status, type of course and the duration of the course. The place is that location where the university is situated. In case of the University of Sydney, the place of offering or making available the service is Australia. There is a separate building of the University for the students in Australia. The University of Sydney is a well-recognized university in the country. But for fascinating more n umber of domestic and international students, there is a need of effective promotion. The university takes use of its online website, various other social media platforms, advertisements on televisions, hoardings and newspaper advertisements for fetching attention of the potential customers (Ramachandran, 2010). PEST Analysis Following is the PEST analysis of Australia so that there can be analyzed the effects of the external factors of the country upon the University of Sydney: Any kind of change in the political aspects of Australia, there is a direct impact upon the functioning of the university. With any kind of modification in the various governmental laws and regulation, there can also be seen a change in the university. For example, if the political conditions between Brazil and Australia, then it is a significant probability that there will be a decreased in the number of students coming from Brazil for international studies in Australia (Doherty, Steel and Parrish, 2012). There are several economic rules and policies in the country that have a direct emphasis upon the University of Sydney. There are various economic phases such as economic recession, economic restructuring, inflation, etc. all these affects the number of students gets enrolled in the university as well as the tuition fees of the courses. Australia has a robust economy and is also well-known for higher education; hence the economic afctors support the operations of the university (Davis and Higgins, 2015). The social factors are of also great significance in affecting the university and its various activities. The social factors consist of the culture, status and demographic factors of the population. As a university, the cultural social factors also include the competence and ability of the students in regards with educational courses. For example, the students from various other regions may have issue related to the language. Therefore, the university is required to focus on all the social factors which h can impact the university in any manner. Technological Factors The change in the technological factors poses a direct impact upon the university and its programs. The increasing technology and innovations help the universities in implementing pioneering ways of teaching and providing knowledge to the students. Therefore, with the change in the technological factors, the university is also required to restructure its programs (van Putten, Cvitanovic and Fulton, 2016). Australia is a well-known country for having several numbers of renowned educational institutions and universities. One of the competitors of the University of Sydney is, Macquarie University. The university has its foundation in Sydney from the year 1964 and is consider as one of the best educational institute for the students as it offers numerous facilities to the students such as high security, accommodation, sports and recreation, highly organized library and also medical facilities. The primary mission of the Macquarie University is to offer the students with the best indigenous education and potential knowledge. The university provides extended educational support to the students by the means of expert faculties (Macquarie University, 2017). SWOT analysis Strengths High number of students Expert and highly qualified faculties Direct Feedbacks Separate portals ad touch-points for student interactions Continuous development programs Weaknesses Increased Competition in education sector Low morale of the staff High attrition rate of the faculties Inefficient marketing division Opportunities To have extended reach through promotions To have innovate techniques and programs for student development Threats Increased Competition in education sector New technological improvement emphasis on restructuring of the programs of the university (The University of Sydney, 2016) Value and brand positioning analysis Branding is of vital importance in present scenario. The greater the brand recognition and brand visibility is, the extended is the customer base of an organisation. In the educational industry of Australia, the University of Sydney holds a strong brand name. According to the universitys brand recognition, it also offers value based and high quality services to the students in the form of quality and standard education. The University has its renowned name in building the career of the students and it also supports the development of the society by making the students graduate and building their competency to have a good occupation in the future. For brand building, the university also adopts several strategic approaches such as the university collect feedback from the individuals and also follows their suggestions for future improvement. The University of Sydney also holds a rank in the top 100 universities of the world. In Australia, the university is among the leading universities which offer quality education to the graduates and help them career building (Georgetown University, 2017). Conclusion From this report, it can be concluded that the educational industry is rising with an increasing rate. Australia is recognized as the leading country in offering educational services to the students from across the world. The University of Sydney is a renowned brand that offers best possible educational services to the students. From the report it can be evaluate that the university has number of strengths which supports its continuous development. There are several external factors also which impact the functioning of the university, but id adequate research is conducted in continuous intervals, than the university can easily identify the potential risks and opportunities and can plan accordingly. There is high brand visibility of the university which provides a global recognition to the university. Thus, from the above discussion, it can be analyzed that, there is a great scope for the University of Sydney for further development if it keeps its emphasis on providing quality and va lue based education to the students. References Australiarental, (2016). Record Numbers of International Students Choose Australia to Study, Bringing Over $17Billion to the Australian Economy, Retrieved on: 13th April, 2017, Retrieved from: https://australiarental.com.au/blog/record-numbers-of-international-students-choose-australia-to-study-bringing-over-17billion-to-the-australian-economy-2/ Davis, N. E., Higgins, A. (2015). Researching possible futures to guide leaders towards more effective tertiary education.Journal of Open Flexible and Distance Learning,19(2), 8-24. Doherty, I., Steel, C., Parrish, D. (2012). The challenges and opportunities for professional societies in higher education in Australasia: A PEST analysis. Georgetown University. (2017). Strategic Brand Positioning to Increase Value. Retrieved on: 13th April, 2017, Retrieved from: https://consumerresearch.georgetown.edu/research/strategic-brand-positioning-to-increase-value/ Macquarie University. (2017). About the University. Retrieved on: 13th April, 2017, Retrieved from: https://www.mq.edu.au/about/about-the-university Norton, A. (2016). Mapping Australian higher education 2016. Retrieved on: 13th April, 2017, Retrieved from: https://grattan.edu.au/wp-content/uploads/2016/08/875-Mapping-Australian-Higher-Education-2016.pdf Pealoza, L., Toulouse, N., Visconti, L. M., (2013). Marketing management: A cultural perspective. USA: Routledge Ramachandran, T. N. (2010). Marketing framework in tertiary education addressing aspirations of students beyond conventional tenets of selling products: International Journal of Educational Management. 22(6). 544-556 Siemens, G., Dawson, S., Lynch, G. (2013). Improving the quality and productivity of the higher education sector.Policy and Strategy for Systems-Level Deployment of Learning Analytics. Canberra, Australia: Society for Learning Analytics Research for the Australian Office for Learning and Teaching. The University of Sydney. (2016). Annual Report 2015. Retrieved on: 13th April, 2017, Retrieved from: https://sydney.edu.au/dam/corporate/documents/about-us/values-and-visions/University-of-Sydney-2015-Annual-Report.pdf van Putten, I., Cvitanovic, C., Fulton, E. A. (2016). A changing marine sector in Australian coastal communities: An analysis of inter and intra sectoral industry connections and employment.Ocean Coastal Management,131, 1-12. Vivian, (2015). A Look at IT and Engineering Enrolments in Australia, Retrieved on: 13th April, 2017, Retrieved from: https://blogs.adelaide.edu.au/cser/2015/07/03/a-look-at-it-and-engineering-enrolments-in-australia/

The ways in which poets make use of form and language to present their views on love and marriage Essay Example

The ways in which poets make use of form and language to present their views on love and marriage Essay The two poems studied from the nineteenth century on love and loss give a very different view on love and marriage. A woman to her lover, by Christina Walsh gives a view of a woman wanting co-equal love, whereas in My Last Duchess by Robert Browning, there is a view of patriarchal love and dominance by man. These are both very different views on love, however in A Woman To Her Lover, the views expressed in these days would be seen as rational and what is accepted. In the days which it was written it would be seen as discordant. This essay will focus on comparing the form and language of both poems and how these techniques help to present their views on love and marriage. Along with form and language, this essay will also comment on the use of rhetorical questions, personal pronouns, the use of exclamation marks, imagery and repetition. In A Woman To Her Lover the poem is based on a four-stanza reply to a question, If that be what you ask. We can see that she has been asked to marry and she is setting out the guidelines. The poem also has no set rhyme scheme or rhythm; it also rejects traditional conversion and rules. In the nineteenth century there were rules which women had to follow and what was expected of them, but this freedom in which the poem is written expresses the freedom that the writer is asking for in the relationship between her and her lover. The freedom in the poem represents the freedom asked for in marriage. We will write a custom essay sample on The ways in which poets make use of form and language to present their views on love and marriage specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The ways in which poets make use of form and language to present their views on love and marriage specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The ways in which poets make use of form and language to present their views on love and marriage specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer My Last Duchess is written as a dramatic monologue, the speakers personality is revealed through what he is saying. It is written in iambic pentameter and rhyming couplets, which gives the effect of strictness, with a patriarchal and restrictive view of love. There is also enjambement in this poem, which gives it a natural flow, this suggests that what he is saying comes naturally and it is the only way that he thinks. The language in both poems is archaic and of the time but Christina Walsh uses an unusual word order, no servant will I be. This makes the statement more direct with a suggestion of harshness. It also emphasises her disgust at the traditional view of love. In My Last Duchess the duke has an ostentatious voice, worked busily a day. This shows that he has high expectations of his employees and he will also have high expectations of his wife. The Duke also tries to make people fear him, if they durst. This would show that he feels that people should be scared of him, which would include his wife, so he would not be very close to his wife if she were scared of him. The use of questions and rhetorical questions are used in both of the poems. The woman in A Woman To Her Lover uses questions in a reply to an assumed proposal of marriage, Or if you think to wed. These questions are the theme for the whole poem. This can show that he has asked her a question, but before she can answer she has to know things about him. This makes us feel that she is not rushing into marriage but is thinking carefully about if she wants to marry him. The duke, on the other hand, answers his own question, whod stoop to blame. He wants the envoy to agree with his anger and disgust at his disobedient wife. He expects correct answers and is single minded about other views. Along with this he always expects people to agree with him. He would not expect his wife to have her own views, even her view of if she wanted to marry him. Cristina Walsh uses the words we, you and I a lot in her poem, A Woman To Her Lover. This shows that the woman wants co-equal love as she involves the man in the poem. She says what we want rather than I want. It shows partnership in the relationship and togetherness. My Last Duchess has a lot of the personal pronoun, I. This shows that he sees love as ownership and will see his wife as a possession rather than a partner. Love does not account for his choice of wife and will only have a trophy wife, someone who will look good to other people. Cristina Walsh uses exclamation marks in her poem to emphasize her disgust in patriarchal views of love at the end of the stanza, I refuse you! If the exclamation mark were not there we would not be able to see how much she despised the view of patriarchal love she is talking about. Robert Browning uses the exclamation mark also to emphasize his disgust but it is when he remembers his wife having her own views, Sir, t was all one! We can see that he is very dominant and gets angry when she does what she wants. Once again the exclamation marks lets us see how angry he gets and how much he hates her having her own views. A Woman To Her Lover uses quite a lot of parallel structure throughout the whole poem If that be what you ask. This use of parallel structure gives the effect that she is ranting and raving about her disgust of the ideas that she is talking about. The parallel structure also gives the effect that she is shouting very fast and gives fluidity to it. My Last Duchess does not have any parallel structure as I think that the duke is trying to give a note of dignity to himself. Therefore the use of parallel structure will give the effect that he is shouting and getting excited. He tries to make himself sound better than he really is which makes him sound fake about love and that women dont see him for what he is. Christina Walsh uses repetition at the beginning of a sentence to try to get a lot of points through. There are three sentences one after the other all beginning with And. This tells us that the woman has a lot of conditions and points for her love to her lover. Robert Browning uses repetition further apart in his poem; that spot of joy, this gives us the feeling that he is wrapped up in one thing only and can only think about that one thing. This repetition makes us think that he is obsesses with the bad behaviour of his wife and cannot let simple things drop. This makes us think that he is strict with his wife and is not caring or forgiving. These two poems both give very different views of love and marriage in the nineteenth century. Christina Walsh gives a modern view of a relationship, which is what most couples try for today. She lists the conditions for her love. These conditions however are not biased but things that will balance the relationship. Whereas in Robert Brownings, My Last Duchess the Duke talks about a relationship where he has complete dominance over his wife. He also expects her to look up to him at all times and be thankful of everything he has and for her to not acknowledge any other men. Robert Brownings patriarchal view of love, which he talks about in My Last Duchess, was seen as acceptable in the nineteenth century, especially by men. Women yearned for the view of Christina Walsh, but nothing was done about it, we can now see that this view is now a reality in todays world and any other view, i.e. Robert Brownings view, would be unacceptable.